Polishing or emery cord



(No Model.)

B. M. CHURCH.

POLISHING 0R EMERY CORD.

No. 328,004. Patented Oct. 13. 1885.

INVENTOR: WM

WITNESSES:

N. PETERS. Phclo-Ldhographcr, Wnhingion. n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DW'IGHT M. CHURCH, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

POLISHING OR EMERY CORD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 328,004, dated October13, 1885.

Application filed August 8, 1884. Serial No. 140,031. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DWIGHT llIADISON CHURCH, of Baltimore, in the Stateof Maryland, have invented a new and useful Polishing or Emery (lord;and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invcntion,which will enable others skilled in theartto which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

Herctofore, for the purpose of polishing holes in metals, 850., invarious branches of the arts, emery-sticks have been used composed ofpieces of wood having asurfacecovering of emery; also, sometimes,instead of such sticks, narrowstrips of emery-cloth have been used, suchcloth having of course only asurface-covering. The sticks are fragile,besides being necessarilyin comparatively short pieces, and thereis muchloss of a greater part of these pieces, in addition to the fact thattheir emery coating soon wears off in whole or in part. The eloth/ also,besides having a mere surface coating of emery, must, in order to bepassed through a small hole for the purpose of polishing it, be cut intostrips so small and narrow as to leave it quite weak and incapable ofresisting the requisite amount of pull or tension when in use withoutsoon breaking, and the very act of cutting and adapting the strips rubsoff or disposes of a large part of the emery before commencing to usethe strips for polishing. In either case and in any mode now known to methere is nothing more than a mere superficial or outside covering orcoating of the emery or abrading material on the cloth or stick, so thatwhen this outer surface has been worn off the cloth or stick becomesuseless for polishing purposes, and so far as I am aware no continuousemery or polishing cord of any kind has heretofore been made or used.

Myinvention has for its object the avoidance of these and otherobjections incident to the present methods; and it consists in a newarticle of manufacture, now to be described, and

such that any desired length of uniform strong emery-cord may befurnished, and such that when the finished material is put to use notonly its exterior surface, but the inside of such material, underneathits outer surface, may serve for polishing, as hereinafter explained andpointed out in the claims. Myinvention also permits the same cord orbraid to have a coarse grade of emery or coating at its outer surface, afiner grade embodied in the cord or braid to come into action after thisouter material has worn away, and, if desired, still other and finergrades'embodied in the cord or braid to come yet later into action, thusenabling the same cord or braid to be continuously presenting not onlyfresh cutting surfaces until the cord or braid is substantially used up,but also permitting itto out faster and coarser at the start, and tofinish finerand smoother as the cord wears away.

In the drawings,'which can but imperfectly represent my invention,Figure 1 is intended to illustrate a single fine twisted thread orstrand, several or any number of which serve when twisted together toform a larger thread. Fig. 2 shows such larger thread having only threestrands and coated with emery orequivalent polishing material; Fig. 8, astill larger cord, made from coated strands, such as are shown in Fig.2, and then itself also coated; Fig. 4-, a still larger cord, made fromcoated strands or cords shown in Fig. 3, this larger cord being alsocoated. Fig. 5 illustrates a piece of braid the several strands of whichhave been coated with emery or cutting material, and in which also theseveral twisted threads composing such strands have been similarlycoated prior to being braided, and in which the finished braid is alsocoated. Fig; 6 illustrates another form or shape, in crosssection, ofcord or braid adapted for holes of other than round or fiat form. Fig. 7illustrates a spool of myfinished cord ready for market and for use, myinvention permitting the cord or braid to be made in any lengths withoutlimit, and to be wound or put uplike other common cords and unrolledonly as may be needed, thus keeping the remainderintact and free fromdamage by handling.

Generally I take as many fine cords or strands as I need, according tothe required size of the completed article, and in the pro cess oftwisting together any of such cords or strands I pass them through acompound of hot glue or other suitable adhesive material and emery, (orequivalent materialsuch, for instance, as pounded glass, sharp sand, 00-rundum, adamantine span) and this compound adheres to each separate cordor strand before these strands are twisted together. I then twist thesestrands together (see Fig. 3) while they are in this liquid compound,and then pass thetwisted and coated product over suitable dryingdevices. Of course this product may, if desired, before leaving theheated compound or afterward, be twisted with similar ones to form acompleted emery-cord of still larger size, (see Fig. 4,) and so on toany extent needed, according to the special use to which it is to beapplied; or in some cases a larger finished product may be obtained bycommencing with larger-sized cords.

If it be desired to have a fiat polisher-as, for instance. in caseswhere the hole or surface to be polished is flat or oblong-I braidtogether several strands in this hot compound, and then run this braidthrough or between pressing-rolls to flatten it. (See Fig. 5.) If othershapes are required in the cross-section of the completed article (seeFig. 6)-as, for instance, triangular, square, or accurately roundI runthe braid or cord, as the case may be, from the hot compound throughrolls adapted to give the shape needed.

The cords or braids may be made from any desired or suitablematerialsuch as cotton, flax, hemp, or kindred filaments-and may befabricated as tightly or loosely as may be needed to suit the specialpurpose for which it is to be used.

It will now be seen that in this new article of manufacture the emery orpolishing agent is not only on the exterior of the cord or braid, but isalso within the same and on each separate strand; that even if a largepart of that upon its outer surface be Worn away by use new or otherfresh portions of the emery are constantlybeing reached and brought intoaction as the cord or braid may wear away, and that as a consequencepolishing can be done much faster than when using emery-sticks oremerycloth, and that the cord,whether twisted or braided or composedboth of braid and twist, is far-stronger than either sticks or clothinnumerable.

strips, besides the incidental but yet important advantage of beingcapable of being made in any desired length and of any desired diameterand shape, and of being compactly wound for the market on spools orotherwise. (See Fig. 7

The uses to which my invention is applicable in the various mechanicalarts are almost For instance, the thread-holes in the needle-bars,hooks, shuttles, or other parts of sewing-machines, spinning-machines,knitting-machines, and wherevera hole or eye or guide is used through orover which a thread or yarn is constantly drawn, and which causes acrease or cut to be gradually worn in it, rendering it necessary to bereshaped and polished and made smooth again. It is also useful in everymachine-shop, gun, or clock factory, 850.

As previously mentioned, any size of emery or abrading material may beused, according to the desired object in view, and fine material may beused for the inside of the cord and coarser for the outside.

I do not in this application illustrate any mechanism, none being hereinclaimed. serve for a future application my improvements in machinery.

I claim as a new article of manufacture- 1. An emery or polishing cordconsisting of a single cord composed of twisted fibrous threads orelemental strands, each separate strand and the cord which they composebe ing coated with an abrading or polishing compound, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

2. The described emery or polishing cord, consisting of a'set or seriesof continuous cords or strands, each of which,as well as the smallerstrands or stringsfof which they are composed, is coated with anabrading material,and which are then fabricated into a larger string orcord, which is also coated with an abrading material, all substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

DWIGHT M. CHURCH.

. Witnesses:

NICHOLAS J. Sonnnrnn, CHARLES J. VONEIFF.

Ire-

